Journal of Tropical Pediatrics Advance Access published online on September 11, 2008
Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, doi:10.1093/tropej/fmn074
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Case Report |
Development of Dual-class Antiretroviral Drug Resistance in a Child Coinfected with HIV and Tuberculosis: A Case Report from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
aDivision of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
bSinikithemba Clinic, McCord Hospital, Durban, South Africa
cDepartment of Medicine, McCord Hospital, Durban, South Africa
dDepartment of Virology, Nelson Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
eTri-Service AIDS Clinical Consortium, Wilford Hall USAF Medical Center, Lackland AFB, San Antonio, TX, USA
fSection of Retroviral Therapeutics, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
gDivision of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
Correspondence: Richard A. Murphy, Medecins Sans Frontieres USA, New York, NY, USA. E-mail <richard.murphy{at}newyork.msf.org>.
| Abstract |
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The treatment of concurrent HIV and tuberculosis (TB) in children <3 years of age has not been well-studied and is complicated by potential drug–drug interactions. The recommended antiretroviral therapy (ART) in coinfected children in South Africa consists of full-strength ritonavir, lamivudine and stavudine. We report on a child initiated on this regimen, during concurrent TB treatment, who promptly developed an adverse reaction, virologic failure and dual-class antiretroviral drug resistance, compromising subsequent salvage ART.