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Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 1996 42(6):352-354; doi:10.1093/tropej/42.6.352
© 1996 by Oxford University Press
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Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Pregnant Women and Its Transmission to Infants

Rajyashri Sharma, MS*, Abida Malik, MD**, Ashok Rattan, MD**, Azra Iraqi, MD***, Veena Maheshwari, MD{dagger}, and Ritu Dhawan, MD*

*Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202001, and All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, India
**Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202001, and All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, India
***Department of Paediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202001, and All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, India
{dagger}Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202001, and All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, India

Address for correspondence: Dr Veena Maheshwari, Arya Nagar, Avantika Phase II, Ramghat Road, Aligarh-202001 (U.P.), India

HBsAg was screened by Reverse Passive Haemagglutination Test (RPHA) and was confirmed by ELISA test in 157 pregnant females and their newborns. Anti-HBc and IgM anti-HBc was done in these cases by enzyme immuno-assay. The overall prevalence of HBsAg in mothers was 16 out of 157 (10 percent) and in cord blood of newborns 5 per cent The transplacental transmission was found in eight of 16 (50 per cent) HBsAg positive mothers. Anti-HBc was present in 12 out of 16 (75 per cent) HBsAg positive mothers and, of these, seven (58 per cent) neonates acquired HBsAg infection. IgM anti-HBc was present in seven out of eight (88 per cent) HBsAg positive neonates, suggesting active in utero infection. Fourteen out of 16 (88 per cent) neonates born to HBsAg positive mothers were alive and healthy, one was stillborn and one had a congenital anomaly.


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