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Journal of Tropical Pediatrics Advance Access published online on July 1, 2008
Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, doi:10.1093/tropej/fmn052
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© The Author [2008]. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

The Epidemiology of Human Rotavirus Associated with Diarrhoea in Kenyan Children: A Review

Nicholas M. Kiuliaa, Rose Kamenwab, Grace Irimub, James O. Nyangaoc, Zipporah Gatheruc, Atunga Nyachieoa, Andrew D. Steeled and Jason M. Mwendaa

aEnteric Viruses Research Group, Institute of Primate Research, P.O. Box 24481, 00502, Karen, Nairobi, Kenya
bKenyatta National Hospital, Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, University of Nairobi
cKenya Medical Research Institute, P.O. Box 54628, 00200, Nairobi, Kenya
dMedical Research Council (MRC), Diarrhoeal Pathogens Research Unit, Medunsa Campus, University of Limpopo, P.O. Box 173, MEDUNSA, 0204, Pretoria, South Africa

Correspondence: Dr Jason M. Mwenda, Institute of Primate Research, P.O. Box 24481-00502, Karen, Nairobi, Kenya. Tel.: +254-020-882571-4; Fax: +254-020-882546; E-mail <jmmathiu{at}yahoo.co.uk>.


  Abstract

Rotavirus gastroenteritis still remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality among young children in developing countries, with ~150 000–200 000 deaths occurring annually in sub-Saharan Africa. We reviewed papers published over the last 30 years on the epidemiology of rotavirus diarrhoea among the hospitalized and out-patient children in Kenya. The analysis shows rotavirus prevalence of 6–56% with diarrhoea occurring throughout the year and generally exhibiting distinct peaks during the dry months. Among the common genotype, G1 was the most predominant up to the year 2002 but more recently there has been an emergence of genotype G9 as the most predominant genotype and to a less extent G8. It is important to continue rotavirus surveillance in Kenya to determine accurately the burden of rotavirus disease and the emerging new genotypes. This will assist policy makers in decision making on rotavirus vaccine introduction and determining the impact of the vaccine.

Key Words: rotavirus • genotypes • vaccine


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