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Journal of Tropical Pediatrics Advance Access originally published online on June 9, 2005
Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 2005 51(6):356-361; doi:10.1093/tropej/fmi048
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© The Author [2005]. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Infant and Young Child Feeding in Western Uganda: Knowledge, Practices and Socio-economic Correlates

Henry Wamania,b, Anne Nordrehaug Åstrøma, Stefan Petersonc, Thorkild Tylleskära and James K. Tumwined

a Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Norway b Ministry of Health, Uganda c Division of International Health (IHCAR), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden d Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Makerere University, Uganda

Correspondence: Dr Henry Wamani, Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Armauer Hansen Building, N-5021 Bergen, Norway. E-mail <Wamanih{at}yahoo.com>.

In a cross-sectional household survey conducted in the rural district of Hoima, western Uganda, 720 child/mother pairs were recruited using a two-stage cluster design. Infant and young child feeding knowledge and practices were assessed in relation to recommendations and household socio-economic factors. Age specific feeding patterns were described using frequencies, proportions and life-tables. Logistic regressions were done with feeding practice as dependent and socio-economic factors as independent variables. Breastfeeding was universal (99%) with a median duration of 21 months. Pre-lacteal use was high (43%), with educated mothers more prone to the practice. Using a 24-hour recall: the median duration of exclusive breastfeeding was 3.5 months; 10% of infants were bottle-fed; 92% of the 0–5 month-old infants breastfed 6 or more times; 21% of 2–3 month-olds received complementary food instead of breast milk only and 19% of 6–8 month-olds were only breastfed instead of receiving complementary food. Of children 12 months and above, 42% were complemented twice or less and 49% complemented 3 or 4 times. Only 36% of breastfeeding children between 6–23 months received dairy milk. Over 50% of mothers did not know that adding oil to complementary food could improve it. The least poor were more likely, than the poorest, to use dairy milk (OR 3.9, CI 1.6–9.6); and educated mothers were more likely to prepare special complementary foods than the un-educated (OR 2.7, CI 1.1–6.2). Emphasis should be on promotion of exclusive breastfeeding, timeliness of complementary feeding and socio-economic empowerment.


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