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Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 2003 49(2):121-123; doi:10.1093/tropej/49.2.121
© 2003 by Oxford University Press
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Brief Report

Blood Lead Levels and Risk Factors for Lead Toxicity in Children from Schools and an Urban Slum in Delhi

Veena Kalra1, K. T. Chitralekha1, Tarun Dua1, R. M. Pandey2 and Yogesh Gupta3

1 Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India 2 Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India 3 Railways Hospital, New Delhi, India

This cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the mean blood lead levels (BLL) and prevalence of lead toxicity in a representative sample of schoolchildren and children residing in an urban slum. In addition, the association of potential environmental risk factors with elevated BLL was studied. Children aged 4–6 years were selected from schools of the South zone of Delhi (n = 125) and from an urban slum (n = 65). Risk factors were recorded using a pre-tested questionnaire and blood lead and zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) levels were estimated. The mean BLL was 7.8 µg/dl (SD 3.9) and the proportion of children with blood lead ≥ 10 µg/dl was 18.4 per cent. Distance of the residence or school from a main road appeared to be associated with higher blood lead concentrations, but these differences were not statistically significant. In our setting, vehicular pollution may be a major contributing factor in lead contamination of the environment.


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