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Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 1995 41(3):143-148; doi:10.1093/tropej/41.3.143
© 1995 by Oxford University Press
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The Haematological Manifestations of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Infancy and Childhood

Nasir A. M. Al-Jurayyan, FRCPC, FAAP, Mohammed N. Al-Nasser, FAAP, Ibrahim M. Al-Fawaz, FRCPC, FAAP, Ibrahim H. Al Ayed, MRCP(UK), Abdullah S. Al Herbish, FRCPC, FAAP, Abdulrahman M. M-Mazrou, FRCPC and Mohammed O. Al Sohaibani, FACP*

Departments of Paediatics P.O. Box 2925, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
*Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University P.O. Box 2925, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia

The haematological manifestations were reviewed in 94 patients (55 males and 39 females) with visceral leislimaniasis. Their ages ranged from 4 months to 12 years (mean per cent 1.8 years). All patients had splenomegaly and were anaemic, while (73 per cent) were neutropemc and (56 per cent) thrombocytopenic. Coagulation abnormalities were encountered in 10(11 per cent) patients; in four patients this was associated with disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. Bone marrow was hypercellular in (90 per cent), normocellular in (5 per cent), and hypocellular in (4 per cent). Also variable degrees of erythrophagocytosis and leukophagocytos were noted with preponderance of histiocytes (46 per cent) and granulomatous formation (25 per cent). Low haemosiderin content in the bone marrow was noted, which together with the finding of high serum ferritin is consistent with anaemia of chronic inflammation.

Hyperspienism., haemophagocytosis and granulomatous lesions of the bone marrow, chronic inflammation, and dietary factors appear to be the most important factors in the causation of the haematological changes in visceral leishmaniasis.


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