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Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 1992 38(2):83-85; doi:10.1093/tropej/38.2.83
© 1992 by Oxford University Press
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brief-report

Malarial Parasitaemia in Febrile Children with Sickle Cell Anaemia

H. O. Okuonghae*,, M. U. Nwankwo* and E. Offor**

*Departments of Child Health Benin City, Nigeria
**Microbiology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital Benin City, Nigeria

Correspondence: Dr H. O. Okuonghae, Department of Paediatrics, Jos University Teaching Hospital, P.M.B. 2076, Jos (Formerly of Child Health Department, UBTH, Benin City).

One-hundred-and-sixty-six episodes of fever in 162 children with sickle cell anaemia (SCA) aged 6 months to 16 years, presenting to the childrens emergency room of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria with rectal temperature ≥38.3°C were studied for malarial parasitaemia. Non-sicklers of similar ages and with similar temperatures were also studied as controls.

Malarial parasitaemia was documented in 9 per cent of children with sickle cell anaemia, and 29 per cent of controls (P<0.0001). Bacteraemia occurred in 33 per cent of children with SCA and 26 per cent of controls (P>0.10). Bacteraemia was, therefore, the commonest cause of pyrexia in febrile children with sickle cell anaemia on antimalarial prophylaxis.

It is suggested that children with SCA on regular anti-malarial prophylaxis who present with significant pyrexia should be carefully screened for bacterial infection and appropriate anti-microbial therapy instituted.


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