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Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 1988 34(6):270-274; doi:10.1093/tropej/34.6.270-a
© 1988 by Oxford University Press
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Breast Feeding Practices in Metropolitan Indonesia: Policy Considerations

M. R. Joesoef, MD, PhD*, B. Utomo, MD, MPH** and G. L. Lewis, MA***

* Visiting Scientist, Division of Chronic Disease Control, Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control, Public Health Service, US Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, and School of Public Health, University of Indonesia Jakarta, Indonesia
** Director, The Research Project of Morbidity and Mortality, University of Indonesia Jakarta, Indonesia
*** Consultant to the Indonesia National Family Planning Coordinating Board, United States Agency for International Development Jakarta, Indonesia

In most developing countries breast feeding has been declining, particularly in metropolitan areas. A 1983 Contraceptive Prevalence Survey allowed an examination of breast feeding determinants in five metropolitan cities in Indonesia using the proportional hazards model. The median duration of breast feeding among women in these cities ranged from 14.9 to 23.6 months. The circumstances surrounding birth and mother's eduction were important determinants. Women who delivered at clinics or who were assisted by ‘modern’ birth attendants weaned from 1.45 to 2.38 times earlier than women who delivered at home or who were assisted by traditional birth attendants. Women with higher than elementary education weaned from 1.21 to 2.03 times earlier than women with less education. The short duration of breast feeding among women delivering in modem clinic settings has important policy implications. Promotion of satisfactory breast feeding, rooming-in, and strict prohibition of formula advertising will help to reverse the decline in breast feeding.


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