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Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 1988 34(1):12-15; doi:10.1093/tropej/34.1.12
© 1988 by Oxford University Press
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The Prevalence and Distribution of Xerophthalmia in Pre-school Age Children of the Luapula Valley, Zambia

T. Sukwa*, D. Mwandu*, A. Kapui**, S. Siziya*, A. Vamoer***, M. Mukunyandela* and V. Chelemu**

*Tropical Diseases Research Centre P.O. Box 71769, Ndola, Zambia
**Zambia Flying Doctor Service
***The National Food and Nutrition Commission

Four thousand two hundred and seventy-five children aged less than 6 years were examined for signs of xerophthalmia in a population based cross-sectional study in the Luapula Valley of Zambia. The overall prevalence of xerophthalmia was 1.89 per cent. The prevalence of nightblindness (XN), Bitot's spots (X1B), severe corneal lesions (X3A, X3B), and corneal scars (XS) were 1.26, 0.44, 0.02, and 0.68 per cent, respectively. One child was totally blind and four children had unilateral blindness. Comparison is made with data from other parts of Africa. It is concluded that xerophthalmia is a public health problem in this valley and a major cause of blindness in childhood.


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